Browsing by Author "Ndambuki, Robert Kyalo"

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    Documenting the teacher-guided 4-k club activities undertaken for learners’ acquisition of the core competencies in the agriculture subject at upper primary school in Makindu Sub-County, Kenya
    (Egerton University, 2025) Ndambuki, Robert Kyalo
    The agriculture curriculum at the upper primary school requires leamers to engage in hands-on activities to acquire various core competencies in the subject. Among the ways that teachers of agriculture would promote the acquisition of competencies in the agriculture subject is through the use of the 4-K Club activities conducted within the school farm, community and through the incorporation of ICT. However, there is a paucity of research on the use of teacher- guided 4-K Club activities for leamers’ acquisition of core competencies in the agriculture subject. Therefore, this study sought to document the teacher-guided 4-K Club activities undertaken for leamers’ acquisition of the core competencies in the agriculture subject at upper primary school. A descriptive survey research design was employed in the study. The accessible population for this study consisted of five agricultural extension officers and 150 agriculture teachers from the 54 primary schools with either active or inactive 4-K Clubs in Makindu Sub-County. The census sampling method was used to include all five agricultural extension officers in the study. The table for determining sample size by Krejice and Morgan was used to sample 108 agriculture teachers. Therefore, the total sample size for the study comprised of 113 respondents. Questionnaires and observation checklists were used as methods of data collection in the study. Both face and content validity of the questionnaires and the checklist were determined qualitatively through discussion with supervisors and other experts from the Department of Agricultural Education and Extension of Egerton University. A Pilot study comprising of 30 agriculture teachers and three extension officers was conducted at Kibwezi East Sub-County to determine the reliability of the questionnaires. Split-half and Cronbach‘s alpha methods were used to determine the reliability of teachers‘ and agricultural extension officers’ questionnaires respectively, where coefficients of 0.74 and 0.89 were obtained. All data was analysed using descriptive statistics with help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28 software. The study found that currently, agriculture teachers have inadequately guided learners to carry out various 4-K Club activities when teaching to acquire core competencies in the agriculture subject. However, futuristic teacher- guided 4-K Club activities conducted within the school farm, community and through the incorporation of ICT were found to strongly enhance the acquisition of different core competencies by learners. Therefore, this study recommended that agriculture teachers at upper primary school should guide leamers to carryout various 4-K club activities within the school farm, community and through incorporation of ICT to enable them acquire various core competencies.